Toxic megacolon
Alternative Names
Toxic dilation of the colon; MegarectumSymptoms
The rapid widening of the colon may cause the following symptoms:
- Abdominal pain
- Abdominal distention
- Abdominal tenderness
- Dehydration
- Fever
- Rapid heart rate
- Shock
Exams and Tests
The rapid widening (dilation) of the colon distinguishes it from other conditions, such as chronic constipation, that can widen the colon slowly and do not cause sudden, life-threatening symptoms.
A physical exam may reveal signs of septic shock. The doctor will notice abdominal tenderness and possible loss of bowel sounds.
Tests:
- Abdominal x-ray shows widening of the colon.
- Complete blood count may show an increased white blood cell count.
- Blood electrolytes may reveal a low potassium level or signs of dehydration.
References
Goldman L, Ausiello D. Cecil Textbook of Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007.
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